Cromwell

Cromwell is a small town in Central Otago, known for its orchards and vineyards. The town is one of the worst in Otago for air quality, a combined result of a continental climate, inversion layers and home heating.

In recent years, Cromwell has experienced rapid population growth, with a resultant increase in wood burners.

Town Summary

Air quality in this town

Similar to other towns in Central Otago, the main source of PM₁₀ in Cromwell is smoke from burning solid fuel for home heating during winter.

Air quality is often degraded during winter due to the increased domestic heating emissions, coupled with cold and calm weather and the occurrence of inversion layers.

Population

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Number of households

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This information is collated from 2013 Census information. The census is the official count of how many people and dwellings there are in New Zealand. Census information is collated every five years.

Sources of air pollution

Home heating Industrial Outdoor burning Traffic Indoor sources Natural sources

In this town, where do emissions come from?

The split between home heating, industrial, outdoor burning and traffic sources

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Sources of PM₁₀ emissions

Source	Annual percentage	Winter day percentage
Home heating	{{summary.emissions.annualhome}}%	{{summary.emissions.winterhome}}%
Industrial	{{summary.emissions.annualindustry}}%	{{summary.emissions.winterindustry}}%
Outdoor burning	{{summary.emissions.annualoutdoor}}%	{{summary.emissions.winteroutdoor}}%
Traffic	{{summary.emissions.annualmotor}}%	{{summary.emissions.wintermotor}}%

Relative breakdown

Annual

Winter day

The table shows the proportions of the main sources of PM₁₀ in this town from home heating, industrial activities, outdoor burning and traffic. (Indoor sources and natural sources of air pollutants are not included in this breakdown).

These values come from 2013 data sourced from MfE’s data service. Consistent methodology was used to calculate these estimates of PM₁₀ emissions, which allows comparison between towns throughout New Zealand. Some regional council published emissions information might differ if they were prepared in a different year or used another method. Contact your regional council for more information about PM₁₀ and other emissions.

Seasonal variation

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Concentration (µg/m³)

Wind speed (km/h)

Air temperature (℃)

What is this graph showing me?

The graph shows the monthly average PM₁₀ concentration at one representative site in this town for the year selected. In many towns in New Zealand, PM₁₀ peaks in the winter when air temperatures and wind speeds are lowest as more people heat their homes during colder weather, and still conditions mean that there is no wind to disperse the air pollutants.

Sites 1

Monitored sites in Cromwell

Monitored sites in this town can be categorised according to location:

Residential: Air monitoring site is in a suburban area with a relatively high population density, but not close to a busy road or industry.
Traffic: Air monitoring site is very close to a busy road or intersection.
Industry: Air monitoring site is close to industry, including heavy commercial and processing factories.
Coastal: Air monitoring site is close to the coast where there are high levels of sea salt in the air.
NES: A site monitored for compliance with the National Environmental Standards for Air Quality (NES-AQ).

...retrieving sites.

No sites found.